Blood Pressure Classification
| Category | Systolic (mmHg) | Diastolic (mmHg) |
|---|---|---|
Normal | < 120 | < 80 |
Elevated | 120–129 | < 80 |
High BP Stage 1 | 130–139 | 80–89 |
High BP Stage 2 | ≥ 140 | ≥ 90 |
Hypertensive Crisis | > 180 | > 120 |
Understanding Blood Pressure
Blood pressure is the force of blood pushing against the walls of your arteries as your heart pumps blood. It is recorded as two numbers: systolic pressure (the pressure when the heart beats) over diastolic pressure (the pressure when the heart rests between beats). A normal reading is below 120/80 mmHg. High blood pressure (hypertension) increases the risk of heart disease, stroke, and kidney problems. Regular monitoring and a healthy lifestyle can help maintain healthy blood pressure levels.
FAQ
Q: What is a normal blood pressure reading?
A: A normal blood pressure reading is below 120/80 mmHg. The top number (systolic) measures the pressure in your arteries when your heart beats, while the bottom number (diastolic) measures the pressure between beats.
Q: How should I measure my blood pressure?
A: Sit quietly for 5 minutes before measuring. Keep your arm supported at heart level, feet flat on the floor, and back supported. Avoid caffeine, exercise, and smoking for at least 30 minutes before measuring. Take two or three readings one minute apart and record the average.
Q: What are the risk factors for high blood pressure?
A: Risk factors include being overweight, lack of physical activity, too much salt in the diet, excessive alcohol consumption, stress, older age, family history, and certain chronic conditions such as kidney disease or diabetes.
Q: When should I see a doctor about my blood pressure?
A: See a doctor if your blood pressure is consistently above 130/80 mmHg. Seek emergency care if readings exceed 180/120 mmHg, especially if accompanied by symptoms like chest pain, shortness of breath, severe headache, or vision changes.
Q: What lifestyle changes can help lower blood pressure?
A: Effective lifestyle changes include eating a balanced diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains (such as the DASH diet), reducing sodium intake, exercising regularly (at least 150 minutes per week), maintaining a healthy weight, limiting alcohol, managing stress, and quitting smoking.